Фотографии к статье Форт VII (Познань)

Navarrenx, SW France — Nikonmania

Bridge leading to the walled city. The first written mention of the name of the city is in a charter of 1078. Navarrenx (Navarrensis) is mentioned five times. It is a perpetual agreement between Centule V Beam said the young viscount of Béarn and Oloron and vassal of Viscount Raymond William Soule . It is present in Navarrenx to repair damage done by the Béarnais Souletin. It may make reason and justice by oath or by paying a fine or by ordeal . In this case it says that the duel will not on the shore side of the Gave "Soule, but the shore-side Navarrenx (Belluno FIET quod non in ripa Soulensi, sed in Sponda Navarrensis). The place is still known today as the camp Batalha. It was from the outset, a border town. In 1188 a stone bridge was built and a market established. Be it known to all that Bishop Gaston held the honor and profit which comes to him and his land Navarrenx. He wants there to Navarrenx a stone bridge and a market every fifteen days the mercredi.Les market boundaries are fixed in that narrow space between the Gave and the stream which passes the castle and ended on one side by the village and the other by way of Navarre that passes through Méritein where the cross is terminal. The great arch of the bridge over the Gave d'Oleron began in the thirteenth century but has lost its defensive tower, as can still see the bridge of Orthez or that of Sauveterre de Bearn , there was a grant received . On the hill to the west, at the confluence of the Gave and Larroder, was the castle Viscounty the "Casters" (fortress). In 1286, in his will, Gaston VII Moncada Vicomte de Bearn states, in agreement with old fors , that this castle can be neither alienated nor mortgaged. In 1316 having obtained the forum of Morlaàs she was flanked by a walled town, whose central square and the streets at right angles Navarrenx have memories. The Bailiwick of Navarrenx included in 1343 the municipalities of Araujuzon , Audaux , Dognen , Gurs , Méritein , Sus , Laàs , Ossenx and the hamlet of geup ( Castetbon ). In 1385 , Navarrenx were 85 fires and Bérérenx 10. There was an abbey Bérérenx secular vassal of Viscount of Bearn . In 1388 Gaston Phoebus Count of Foix , Viscount of Bearn imprisoned the aldermen Navarrenx until people agree to contribute to the repairs of the mill over the river. Between 1412 and 1415 new repairs were carried out by the bigots of the arribère. On July 24, 1507 the city ready fealty to Catherine of Navarre for the mill "foundation lo fluby deu gabe". For this privilege very fine mill belongs to the community later Navarrenx whose records show the number of repairs. During the suppression of feudal rights the sequestered state to be sold in 1813 by public tender. In 1523 the Castilians, led by Philibert de Chalon, Prince of Orange , took the city and destroy its defenses. They were completely remodeled from 1542 to 1549: Henri d'Albret and Margaret of Angouleme , the kings of Navarre , are modernizing the fortifications by the Italian architect Fabricio Siciliano, who added four bastions on the model of the citadel of Lucca in Tuscany : paneled, half-moons, forts, tunnels, walls caulked land . In 1569, she had to prove its effectiveness by allowing the Huguenots Bearn to resist the French troops Terride (Antoine Lomagne), March-July until help arrives Gabriel de Montgomery . Churches Béarn which found themselves on the involuntary passage of regicide of King Henry II suffered an irreparable vandalism. The year 1620 saw the visit of Louis XIII came to impose the union of Bearn and Navarre in France. The city does not stand up to the royal troops, it does not cost the King the wick of a cannon. The king restored the worship Catholic Navarrenx by attending a Mass celebrated by Bishop Arnaud IV Maytie in the church where his grandmother, Jeanne d'Albret , queen of Navarre and sovereign of Béarn, had publicly professed to commitment to Calvinism on Easter Day 1563. To preserve the memory of this event he placed above the portal of the church a laurel wreath with the escutcheon of France. The young king took advantage of his visit to the city to retrieve what remained of the treasure of the kings of Navarre. At that time the city ceases to be "safe places" for the Huguenots. At the French Revolution Navarrenx was chosen as the first chief of the department (March 4, 1790), before the city of Pau when he was succeeded, October 14, 1790. On July 23, 1791 is created to hasten the League of Friends of the Constitution "whose deliberations are not lacking in spice, as evidenced by the book still available today. If the guillotine in Paris was his work there was Navarrenx palaver and good intentions are not lacking: Those Navarrenx the Pyrenees, lost in the mountains, with so few resources, not community of language, stuttering the northern French offer to the homeland their hearts, their powerlessness ( Jules Michelet ). Reading the book can not fail to note that during the Terror in the early months of 1794 absences are increasingly to corporate meetings, despite threats of sanctions. In 1814, under the command of Colonel Joseph Hypolite Regnault (future mayor of the city from 1860 to 1866), Garrison (460 men and 54 guns) resisted the blockade of the division of General Morillo, despite his calls for surrender : Open your eyes, soldiers of the garrison Navarrenx. Leave this unhappy place to those who reject happiness. Come to us we will receive you. The division of Pablo Morillo was a member of the British troops Hispanic Wellington that Marshal Soult was giving a hard time in a remarkable retreat Bayonne to Toulouse via Orthez . At the unanimous request of the inhabitants, the place is finally decommissioned in 1871 and lost his garrison. Navarrenx will remained a place of war from 1546 until the late nineteenth century.
Форт VII (Deutsch. Fort VII KL, Konzentrationslager Posen) — нацистский концентрационный лагерь, находившийся на территории одного из 18 фортов Познанской крепости. Концентрационный лагерь действовал с октября 1939 года до весны 1944 года. Считается ... Читать далее
Оставить комментарий
Пока нет комментариев. Может быть вы станете первым, кто разместит полезную информацию для попутчиков? :)

Туристические достопримечательности, показанные на этом изображении

Важная информация об авторских правах
  • Это изображение было прикреплено с сайта Flickr 12/07/2018 13:21
  • Все права защищены Nikonmania
  • Вы можете связаться с автором - http://www.flic...N06/2894950979/ .